Tenses dalam bahasa Inggris berarti time (waktu). Dalam bahasa Inggris ada 16 bentuk waktu.
- 1. Simple Present Tense
Uses :
- Menyatakan perbuatan yang biasa dilakukan/rutinitas
- Menyatakan suatu kebenaran umum
Formula :
S + am/is/are + C
S + Verb 1 /Verb 1 + s/es + O
Adverb : always, usually, sometimes, never, often, every etc
Note : I/we/you menggunakan verb 1
he/she/it menggunakan verb 1 + s/es
Example :
- Ø My father is teacher
- Ø The world is round
- Ø We eat rice every day
- Ø She goes to campus by motorcycle
- 2. Present Continous Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung
Formula :
S + am/is/are + Verb + ing + O
Adverb : now, today, at moment
Example :
- Ø Her sister is reading a magazine
- Ø I am watching television now
- 3. Present Future Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan perbuatan yang akan datang
Formula :
S + will/shall + be + C
S + will/shall/be going to + Verb 1 + O
Adverb : tomorrow, next, etc
Note : Will dapat digunakan untuk semua subyek
Shall hanya dapat digunakan untuk she/he/it
Example :
- Ø I will be here tomorrow
- Ø We are going to MID Test next week
- Ø She shall come there tomorrow morning
- 4. Present Perfect Tense
Uses :
- Menyatakan peristiwa yang baru saja terjadi
- Menyatakan peristiwa yang dimulai sejak dulu dan masih berlangsung hingga skarang
Formula :
S + has/have + been + C
S + has/have + Verb 3 + O
Adverb : since, just, for, etc
Note : Have digunakan untuk subyek I/they/we/you
Have digunakan untuk she/he/it
Example :
- Ø She has gone since morning
- Ø We have lived in New York since 2005
- 5. Simple Past Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah berlalu
Formula :
S + was/were + C
S + Verb 2 + O
Adverb : last, ago, yesterday, etc
Note : Was digunakan untuk subyek I/she/he/it
Were digunakan untuk you/they
Example :
- Ø The train was ten minutes late
- Ø My mother gave me money yesterday
- 6. Past Continous Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang terjadi secara bersamaan di masa lampau
Formula :
S + was/were + Verb + ing + O
Adverb : when, while
Note : Was digunakan untuk subyek I/she/he/it
Were digunakan untuk you/they
When diikuti kalimat past tense
While digunakan untuk kalimat past continous tense
Example :
- Ø I was studying English when my mother arrived
- Ø While They were playing football, Anton came
- 7. Past Future Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang akan datang yang dilakukan pada waktu lampau
Formula :
S + should/would + be + C
S + should/would + Verb 1 + O
Adverb : before
Example :
- Ø I should watch the foot ball the week before
- 8. Past Perfect Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang terjadi secara berurutan di masa lampau
Formula :
S + Had + Been + C
S + Had+ Verb 3 + O
Adverb : before, after
Note : Before diikuti kalimat past tense
After digunakan untuk kalimat past perfect tense
Example :
- Ø I slept in bedroom after my father had gone
- Ø My aunt had cooked in kitchen before I arrived
- 9. Present Perfect Continous Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang dimulai pada waktu lampau dan mmasih berlangsung hingga sekarang
Formula :
S + Has/Have + Been + Verb + ing
Adverb : since, for
Example :
- Ø You have been learning English for a year
- Ø They have been studying since morning
- 10. Future Continous Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang akan sedang terjadi
Formula :
S + Will/Shall + Be + Verb + ing
Example :
- Ø We shall be coming to your house tomorrow
- 11. Future Perfect Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan segera selesai pada waktu yang akan dating
Formula :
S + Will/Shall + Have + Verb 3
Example :
- Ø They will have finished their work by Monday
- 12. Future Perfect Continous Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau tetapi kemungkinan masih dilanjutkan pada waktu mendatang
Formula :
S + Will/Shall + Have + Been +Verb + ing
Example :
- Ø I shall have been studying here five month by the end of the March
- 13. Past Perfect Continous Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah dimulai dan masih berlangsung pada waktu lampau
Formula :
S + Had + Been +Verb + ing
Example :
- Ø We had been cleaning the class when our teacher came
- Ø They had been singing, when we studied dancing
- 14. Past Future Continous Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang akan sedang dilakukan pada waktu lampau
Formula :
S + Would/Should + Be +Verb + ing
Example :
- Ø He would be giving me a dictionary
- 15. Past Future Perfect Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan peristiwa yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya tidak terpenuhi pada waktu lampau
Formula :
S + Would/Should + Have + Verb 3
Example :
- Ø You would have worked if he had worked hard
- 16. Past Future Perfect Continous Tense
Uses :
Menyatakan bentuk future perfect continous dalam bentuklampau
Formula :
S + Would/Should + Have + Been + Verb + ing
Example :
- Ø I should have been working there for two years by the end of this year
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